“Ask the Beasts”

No, Richard! No, you can’t. Not one more! Look at your big stack already.

Ever see something you really want but know you just shouldn’t get it? Well, it’s happened with a new book by one of my favorite theologians, Elizabeth A. Johnson, CSJ. Regular readers of this blog may recall her from a previous post here in which I wrote about her book, She Who Is in which Johnson reminds us that the Hebrew word for mercy is taken from the root word for womb, rechem. In our prayers for mercy, we actually ask God to express womb-love, to forgive and nurture us the way a mother does the child of her womb. In praying that God have mercy on us we are asking that God “mother-us” back into the fullness of life.

Well, Professor Johnson has done it again! This time she takes on one of the biggest social and cultural divides of our day – the presumed incompatibility of good, hard-core science and a deep, active faith in the God of creation. A huge logjam of argumentative baggage has paralyzed intelligent conversation over the years. In Ask the Beats: Darwin and the God of Love she dispatches the baggage and shows us a way through the logjam.

According to a great review by Melissa Jones, Johnson’s latest book shows that Darwin’s work was never intended to be a direct assault on religion. Instead, Johnson argues that Darwin simply challenged the existing 19th-century scientific concept that each species of life in the world were the result of special acts of creation, with nothing new entering the system. Darwin’s ideas were as offensive to the scientists of his age as they were to the religious thinkers.

Johnson sees no reason to do war with the theory of evolution, but embraces it as a scientific insight that can enhance our faith and inspire care for nature and creation. She would invite us to pray with the 12th chapter of the Book of Job:

Ask the beasts and they will teach you;
The birds of the air,
and they will tell you;
Ask the plants of the earth
and they will teach you;
And the fish of the sea
will declare to you.
Who among these does not know
That the hand of the Lord has done this?
In his hand is the life of every living thing,
And the breath of every human being.

Johnson is credited for doing a great job of explaining how we got into the current stand-off between science and religion. Johnson cites the split (mind/matter, body/soul) Christianity absorbed from Greek philosophy as a major culprit. Add to this a heavy dose of “patriarchal androcentrism” – man is the center of the universe and males are at the top of the heap! Modern Western intellectual tradition hasn’t helped either! French philosopher René Descartes’ famous Cogito ergo sum! expresses our dilemma perfectly if we ground our “being” in our “thinking” imagine how distant we have become from God’s creation!

I want to read Johnson’s book because we all know of religion so heavenly-minded it’s no earthly good! Jones’ review praises Johnson for returning us to a solidly Trinitarian faith. The creative Spirit still hovers over the natural world, sustaining and enlivening it. The Son took on material form, embraced and sanctified it. Jesus healed with spit, dirt and touch. Any who have loved a pet, harvested a garden or changed a diaper understand the connection. What else do we need to convince us that the magnificent organism of our natural world is a holy place?

__________________

Melissa Jones’ review is available [here].

Earth Day Reprised

Poet Gerard Manley Hopkins was a Jesuit priest.  In addition to sharing one of my personal favorites of his poetry, I also want to remind everyone of a principle set down by Ignatius of Loyola, founder of Hopkins’ religious order: We are to pray as if everything depends on God and we are to work as if everything depends on us!   …wise counsel as we face the life-threatening crisis of climate change!

We should all be concerned and committed to change when credible reports on the climate state that we have only a matter of years, not decades, to dramatically reduce our suicidal alienation from and degradation of the environment.  We need to get our heads out of the sand and stop living in denial  or despair.  To do that we need a healthy dose of hope!  

God’s Grandeur
by Gerard Manley Hopkins

The world is charged with the grandeur of God.
It will flame out, like shining from shook foil;
It gathers to a greatness, like the ooze of oil
Crushed. Why do men then now not reck his rod?
Generations have trod, have trod, have trod;
And all is seared with trade; bleared, smeared with toil;
And wears man’s smudge and shares man’s smell: the soil
Is bare now, nor can foot feel, being shod.

And for all this, nature is never spent;
There lives the dearest freshness deep down things;
And though the last lights off the black West went
Oh, morning, at the brown brink eastward, springs —
Because the Holy Ghost over the bent
World broods with warm breast and with ah! bright wings.

Source: Gerard Manley Hopkins: Poems and Prose (Penguin Classics, 1985)

Earth Day

The drive from Minneapolis to Omaha is so familiar I intentionally took a different route to and from my sister-in-law’s funeral last week. Despite these logistical adjustments, other factors and forces transformed my view of rural America. Nostalgia was soon replaced with an intensified sense of loss and grief!

About an hour south of the Twin Cities a persistent void began to vie for attention. The April afternoon was picturesque and perfect for travel. Yet, something was different. Absent. What? It took a few more hours to become clear – where are the birds? The turquoise skies were virtually devoid of birds! Even raptors that used to perch as sentinels scouring the roadsides were conspicuous in their absence.

Gone are the fences as cultivation seems to have encroached on highway right-of-ways. Stands of native trees along creek beds have been chopped with remnant stumps and branches bull-dozed high awaiting a “burn permit.” GMO corn stubble is ubiquitous, even on land previously thought too marginal for cultivation.

The farm-house and barns where my father was born have disappeared and a center-pivot irrigation system waters the thirsty land now devoid of family memories. Four humongous grain storage bins that a distant cousin previously used to manage the farmers’ share of the supply/demand cycle have been sold to a conglomerate known to locals only by its initials.

The calendar indicates that its springtime in mid-America.  Yet, nature appears scarred, constrained.  Much has changed in this land that feels like home and is known by heart. Throughout my six days of travel through Minnesota, Iowa and Nebraska one persistent mantra tainted every sentimental memory: where are the birds?

Today is Earth Day. Every kid from Nebraska knows that it has its origins in Arbor Day which was the brain-child of J. Sterling Morton – a proud Nebraskan – in 1872 who later served as President Grover Cleveland’s Secretary of Agriculture. Earth Day elicits a spiritual resonance among all people whose faith is grounded in the Genesis creation accounts. Even more, Christians profess faith in One so intimate with creation that God becomes incarnate in Jesus to bring all creation to fulfillment in Christ.

Passionist Father Thomas Berry observes that healing the earth begins by seeing ourselves and all creation as a communion of subjects instead of a collection of objects. Jesuit Joseph P. Carver adapts a popular Ignatian practice for all of us who look to creation as an easy and privileged place for encountering the Holy One.

Although living in Seattle, Carver sounds a lot like someone from Minneapolis describing our experience in Minnesota lake country. Up North we easily celebrate ourselves as creatures in a majestic world.  From the vantage of a cabin, we savor life and are moved to deepen our commitments, to return to daily life with enthusiasm, inspired to transform, heal and recover the natural environment of which we are a part. Carver’s “ecological examen” makes explicit what we are naturally inclined to do:

We begin with thanksgiving and gratitude for all creation, which reflects the beauty and blessing of God’s image.

Second, we ask to have our eyes opened by the Spirit as to how we might protect and care for this magnificent creation.

Third, we ask: How am I drawn closer to God today through creation? How am I being invited to respond to God’s action in creation?

Fourth, we ask for a true and clear awareness of our negligence and failures – whether it be a sense of superiority and arrogance in our relationship to creation or a failure to respond to God in the needs of creation.

Finally, we end in hope asking for the grace to consistently recognize Christ in the dynamic interconnections of all creation and our place in creation — we are moved to action.

What happened to the birds? For Christ’s sake, we need to do something. If not for Christ, then let’s at least do something for our kids!

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The reference to Thomas Berry, CP is taken from the America magazine article by Joseph P. Carter, SJ.  You will find a fuller development of his ecological spirituality in that essay [here].

A Future Not Our Own

My parents moved the family off the farm five years before I was born. They sold the farm when I was a junior in high school. Once I said to my Dad, “You know, if things had been different I think I might have liked being a farmer.” He looked over his glasses with that distinctly paternal glance and replied, “Son, you have never wanted to work that hard.” As with most things, I have finally come to admit that he was right.

Yet, my roots are still deeply planted in Nebraska soil and there is nowhere I feel more at home. This heritage now finds limited expression in gardening – some call it yard work, for me it’s a spiritual practice and psychological necessity. Just today I was inspecting seed packets at the store in anticipation of planting my garden.  I even gave our compost bin the first turn of the season and looked at a CSA website considering a summer membership.

Whether we are farmers at heart or not, we all must admit that “being human” defines us — creatures formed from the dust, from rich humus!  By nature our DNA orients us to value the earth as our home and our fulfillment is found by growing in deep respect and appreciation for the integral relationship we humans share with the natural world.  The United Church of Canada says it perfectly: “Creation is not just a handsome backdrop for human history!”

Nostalgia easily provides a wistful diversion from the reality that ice caps are melting, Arctic sea ice is collapsing, water supplies are stressed, heat waves and heavy rains are intensifying, coral reefs are dying, and fish and many other creatures are going extinct. The oceans are rising at a pace that threatens coastal communities and are becoming more acidic as they absorb carbon dioxide given off by cars and power plants. A report released this weekend by the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change concludes that the worst is yet to come!  We have heard this litany before.  But have we heard?

Two decades of international efforts to limit emissions have yielded little result. While greenhouse gas emissions have begun to decline slightly in many wealthy countries, including the United States, those gains are being swamped by emissions from rising economic powers like China and India. The report emphasized that the world’s food supply is at considerable risk — a threat that could have especially dire consequences for the poorest nations. Several times in recent years, climatic disruptions have already reversed decades of gains against global hunger.  Don’t the poor always bear the brunt of social dysfunction?

We face scientific challenges with economic consequences that require political will we have not yet mustered. Yet, these are not merely – perhaps not even primarily – scientific, economic or political issues. Ours is a moral crisis that cries out for a quality of leadership in desperately short supply. All the more reason to be encouraged by news that Pope Francis’ first encyclical will deal with the environment. Let’s hope Francis’ moral gravitas will augment the urgent appeals of scientists, warnings from UN commissions and focus a tidal wave of moral determination among all peoples of faith.

Outrage easily provides a diversion from my personal obligations.  I too easily blame spineless politicians or demonize corporate greed for immediate profit. I discover myself shockingly “hierarchical” with my expectations of the pope and other faith leaders! I even self-righteously rehearse our grandchildren’s exasperation: “Why didn’t they do something? … How could they let this happen? … What were they thinking? … Were they thinking!?! … Were they only thinking of themselves?” Then, I look in the mirror. What am I going to do? How am I part of the solution? What is my moral duty?

Perhaps the most counter-cultural change I need requires an even deeper personal conversion – to finally admit the world does not exist to serve me, my lifestyle, my comfort, my stuff!  Taking a page from my parents, it’s about a self-less love for others.  Yes it will take hard work, the kind none of us have wanted to do. But, it must be about the lives we give to our children!  Dad, I’m beginning to understand your sacrifice.

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Those wanting to read the many statements of Francis on the environment, can look to “Pope Francis on Care for Creation,” found on the website of Catholic Climate Covenant [link].

I rely on an article in the New York Times [link] for information about the United Nations report on climate change.

I am dependent on notes taken at a Wisdom Ways program in October 2013 on Hildegard of Bingen for the quote from the United Church of Canada,